Abstract painting is a form of contemporary art that does not depict an object that exists in the real world. Art uses color and shape in a non-representational way. Abstract painting is also categoriz as a type of abstractionism which is usually not easy to understand.
The art of abstractionism, including painting, can also be interpret as a school that seeks to escape from all forms of sensation or figurative association of an object. In abstract art, the real form of nature is not the focus of making the main object. Even if it uses real natural forms, it is usually only us as the basic motive to form works of art.
Characteristics of Abstract Art
One of the characteristics of abstract art that the form of the art can never recogniz. The form of abstract artno relation to any form that has ever seen by the eye. The criterion that is often us to review works of abstract style is expressionism. Expressionism is a genre of art that considers that a work comes out of the artist’s self, not imitating or duplicating the natural world.
For expressionism, artists have memory and a way of looking at nature. Then expressed in his work. Art with the flow of abstractionism uses more fluids, generally it can be classified as abstract art, which is a form of figurative abstraction.
Paintings and things that not visual such as sound, emotion or spiritual experience are also includ in figurative abstraction. Abstract figurative itself is an abstraction or simplification of reality. Where the smallest part is remov from the object and can identified by leaving only the essence of the object.
History of Abstract Art
Based on the information, it that the development of abstract art originat in the West and is estimat to have been since the 19th century in Europe. Then at the beginning of the 20th century, this art began to develop quite rapidly in the United States.
At the beginning of its appearance, abstract art succeeded in giving rise to a new art movement in the West, which previously had always been focus on rationalism, empiricism, materialism and realism. After abstract art became more popular, some painters began to switch to this type of art. Painters began to represent real objects in abstract art by prioritizing symbolic colors over natural colors.
In the beginning, the development of painting or the flow of abstract art was closely related to the development of human civilization. Whether it’s a language system, a way of survival, to belief are some of the influential aspects in the development of painting, including in the flow of abstractionism.
This influence is also evident in the types of objects, narratives and imagery in it. At that time, painting had a special function, namely as a medium for recording things that were consider important.
Flow in the Art of Abstractionism
In the flow of abstractionism, there are two different types of abstractionism, namely:
1. Cubistic abstract, is an abstract in pure geometric form. An example is an abstract painting in the shape of a circle, cube or triangle.
2. Non-figurative abstract, is a pure abstract art flow as a form of expression of the artist’s feelings.
Where the lines in the abstract art represent lines, the colors present in the painting represent colors and so on. The natural form of a painting object is completely abandon by the artist to form a new image with unique and pure characteristics.
Apart from these two types of abstractionism, there are also several schools of abstract art, such as:
1. Neo Classical Flow
2. Romantic Flow
3. Flow Realism
4. The flow of naturalism
5. Impressionist flow
Abstractionism Artist
The following are examples of artists who are famous for adhering to abstractionism in their works of art.
1. Alexander Rodchenko
Rodchenko is an artist as well as a sculptor, photographer and graphic designer originally from Russia. He is one of the leading artists who uses and popularizes abstractionism in his works of art.
2. Lazar Lissitzky
El Lissitzky is an artist as well as photographer, designer, typographer and architect from Russia. His works also greatly influenced the constructivist and Bauhaus movements and he succeeded in dominating graphic designs in the 20th century.
3. Wassily Kandinsky
Kandinsky was a very influential painter and art theorist in Russia. He is even consider the first artist to paint with pure abstractionism. After successfully holding various art exhibitions at Avant Garde, Kandinsky also formed a group that has influence in the City of Munich under the name Dew Blaue Reiter and began to make works of art totally with an abstract flow.
4. Naum Gabo
He was one of the most influential sculptors and a key figure in the Avant Garde after the Russian revolution erupted.